TOS : Java Glossary

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TOS

TOS (Top Of Stack). The most recently added element to a stack. There is chaos in the convention of whether stacks should be displayed growing up or down. Even when the stacks grow down, the most recently added element at the bottom is still called the top of stack.

In Intel architectures, in RAM (Random Access Memory), stacks grow down toward lower memory addresses.
When drawing stacks on paper, it is easier if you draw stacks growing down.
When you use Throwable.printStackTrace, the TOS will be show at the top of the page, with the stack growing up.
When you use Throwable.getStackTrace, the TOS is the zeroth element.
When most debuggers display the call stack, the TOS will be show at the top of the page, with the stack growing up.

stack

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